วันพุธที่ 26 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2554

Halona Blow Hole - Nature's Precast Manhole

The Halona Blow Hole is like a precast manhole natural fountain located on the south shore of Oahu. It is a natural formation of lava tubes caused by ancient volcanic eruptions. These lava tubes go to the sea, and when the surf is high water is shot up thirty feet into the air above the Blowhole.

The majesty of the Halona Blow Hole is best observed when there is high tide on a windy day, in which spout after spout bursts out from the ocean below. There are many tours which stop at this magnificent sight. The Halona Blow Hole is a fifteen minute drive - or a beautiful stroll - from Waikiki Beach. The lookout at the Blow Hole affords a spectacular view of the coast and the Islands of Lanai and Molokai. In the winter, playful whales can be spotted from here as well. Halona Beach Cove, next to the Blow Hole, is called the Peering Place, and is famous for its resident green sea turtles as well as being the site of the love scene between Deborah Kerr and Burt Lancaster in the 1953 movie From Here to Eternity. Beneath Halona is found the Ka Iwi channel, which is one of the world's most unpredictable and dangerous ocean channels. The waves come crashing against the walls of the narrow bay, which produces high and powerful spouts. It is not safe to approach the Blow Hole; it is best viewed from the lookout. Other nearby points of interest include Hanauma Bay, Sandy Beach, Koko Head Botanical Gardens, and Makapu'u Point Lighthouse.

Halona Blow Hole is but one type of Hawaii precast concrete lava tube cave. On Oahu there are other lava tube caves up to one hundred yards long. The Ka Eleku Cavern on East Maui awaits the intrepid traveler. The well-known Maui Waianapanapa Caves are not true lava tube caves but rather inland littoral caves. Kauai also has several good-sized lava tube caves which are easy to visit. The Big Island possesses major lava tubes on all of its volcanoes with the exception of Kohala. The most extensive in the world is the Ailaau flow field on Kilauea Volcano, and one of its tubes - Kazumura Cave - is the world's biggest lava tube cave (over 40 miles of it have been mapped).

This cave starts outside the park proper. There is an unbroken descent of 1200 yards Both Hualalai and Mauna Loa volcanoes have lava tube caves over 6 miles long). Mauna Kea possesses several short and steep lava tube caves. On the Big Island's dry side there are lava tube caves bearing large deposits of volcanic soluble minerals such as gypsum, thenardite, and mirabilite. There are also many caves in the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park on the Big Island, many of which have never been explored, while others - such as Thurston Lava Tube precast electrical vault - are illuminated electrically and are popular tourist destinations.




Halona Blow Hole is just one of the many Hawaii precast concrete lava tubes on the Islands. Some resemble a precast manhole whereas others are huge systems like a precast electrical vault.

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